目前婴幼儿的喂养方法是什么?

挑战

美国.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) 食物及营养署 oversees 妇女特别补充营养计划, 婴儿, 及儿童(WIC), a program that offers supplemental healthy foods and nutrition education to low-income postpartum and breastfeeding women, 婴儿, 还有营养不良的儿童(5岁以下). FNS needs up-to-date information on current child feeding practices and nutritional outcomes, especially in light of 2009 changes to WIC food packages and programs.

The WIC Infant and Toddler Feeding Practices Study-2 (WIC ITFPS-2) was launched to examine the feeding practices employed by those who enroll in WIC around the time of their child’s birth. Study participants remain eligible for the study even if they do not continue with WIC. By capturing data on caregivers and their children over the first 9 years of the child’s life, 该研究提出了一系列关于……的研究问题

• 喂养方法
• WIC参与与这些实践之间的联系
• Health and nutrition-related outcomes of children currently or previously on WIC

解决方案

趣赢平台团队由营养专家领导, 流行病学, 儿童发展, 健康经济学. 我们招募了4个具有全国代表性的样本,000多名来自WIC站点的母亲参与了这项研究.

We collected data from WIC state agencies and from WIC staff to contextualize how WIC sites are delivering services.

Trained telephone data collectors regularly interview study participants until the child’s 9th birthday. The first part of the interview includes detailed questions about what the child ate on a given day. 第二部分探讨了具体的喂养方法, 社会和人口特征, 对WIC服务的满意度, 儿童健康与发展, 和更多的.

我们还收集体重和长度或高度数据, 取决于孩子的年龄, 从WIC的管理记录和卫生保健提供者那里.

This study uses 布莱斯, a comprehensive commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) survey processing system. It provides integrated multimode support for computer-assisted survey data collection. 这包括面试官协助(e).g., 计算机辅助个人面试, computer-assisted telephone interviewing [CATI]) and self-response (e.g., computer-assisted web interviewing [CAWI]) modes across a wide variety of platforms (smartphone, 平板电脑, 桌面).

结果

趣赢平台 has prepared several of the final reports that present and interpret the longitudinal data in the only current national, longitudinal study of infant and toddler feeding practices in low-income families originally enrolled in WIC. 这项研究最初几年的显著发现包括

• 提高对母乳喂养的接受程度
• 母乳喂养开始时间和持续时间增加
• 尽管种族差异依然存在, the greatest gains in initiation were among African American mothers
• Better diet quality of children who remain on WIC longer than children who leave the program earlier in life

在控制了多种因素之后, 种族之间没有显著差异, but children with Hispanic caregivers had higher diet quality scores than children with non-Hispanic caregivers.

简而言之，研究结果表明，WIC有助于确保所有的美国.S. 儿童有机会获得营养食品.

Findings from the WIC ITFPS-2 will be used to inform WIC program policy and the 2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans for the 0- to 24-month age group.

从学习报告中了解更多

• WIC Infant and Toddler Feeding Practices Study 2: Infant Year Report
• WIC婴幼儿喂养实践研究2:第二年报告
• WIC婴幼儿喂养实践研究2:第三年报告
• WIC Infant and Toddler Feeding Practices Study 2: Fourth Year Report
• WIC婴幼儿喂养实践研究2:第五年报告

了解更多发表在期刊上的研究结果

• Prenatal and Postnatal Experiences Predict Breastfeeding Patterns in the WIC Infant and Toddler Feeding Practices Study-2
• The Relationship Between Breastfeeding and Initial Vegetable Introduction with Vegetable Consumption in a National Cohort of Children Ages 1–5 Years from Low-Income Households
• 妇女特别补充营养计划期限, 婴儿, 及儿童(WIC) Participation Is Associated with Children’s Diet Quality at Age 3 Years
• Duration of WIC Participation and Early Feeding Practices Are Associated with Meeting the Added Sugars Recommendation at Age 3 Years
• Shifts in Sources of Food but Stable Nutritional Outcomes Among Children in the Early Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic
• The WIC Infant and Toddler Feeding Practices Study-2 (WIC ITFPS-2) Through Age 5: What We’ve Learned, 还有什么问题, 以及如何使用这个纵向数据集
• Duration of WIC Participation and Early Feeding Practices Are Associated with Meeting the Added Sugars Recommendation at Age 3 Years
• Longer WIC Participation Duration Is Associated with Higher Diet Quality at Age 5 Years